You can use your non-EU (Canadian) driving license for as long as you are classified as a visitor / non-resident, however upon receiving Spanish residency you must have a Spanish license to legally drive. So you would be required to take a Spanish driving test (written and practical) in order to obtain the Spanish license.
I believe you can apply to do the test in English in many of the bigger cities or if you move somewhere where there is a lot of English speaking expats (such as the costa’s).
When driving around as a non-resident you do need to keep your driving license and passport with you at all times though, in case you get stopped by the police.