I have a couple questions regarding obtaining Spanish Citizenship through marriage.

Currently, I am a non-EU citizen living in the US. My fianc?, who is a Spanish citizen, and I are planning on getting married in September 2017.

Unfortunately, I will not be able to apply for the spouse VISA to move to Spain as we are not currently married. As a result, I will be entering Spain with a student VISA. Since I will need to establish residence for 1 year in Spain to apply for the Spanish citizenship after getting married, will I be able to use the time as a student as my residence?

If not, can he come to the US and get married at a Spanish consulate and start the application for a spouse VISA for me? How do we prove our relationship?

P.S. I am applying for a master program at either ESADE or IESE in Barcelona.