I found this posting on Just Landed:
http://www.justlanded.com/english/Spain/Spain-Guide/Visas-Permits/Residency-and-NIE
The Tarjeta de Residencia is a card incorporating your NIE, your personal details and a photograph/fingerprint. It is necessary for transactions where someone wants to see a proof of your current physical address in Spain (i.e. in local video rentals, banks etc.). The Tarjeta is valid for five years and must then be renewed. Non-EU applicants are granted an initial Residencia for one year, which is usually extended to five years on renewal.
NOTE March 2009: currently the administration does not seem to be issuing or renewing identity cards to EU/EEA nationals and only a NIE is available which then needs to be used with a passport/national identity card for the purposes of identification. It is unclear if/when this situation will change.
Has anyone heard about this?
Also, if I am married to a Spaniard and am registering our marriage in the US through the Spanish consulate and applying for the Tarjeta de Residencia and NIE in the US, does this affect me?